Laconium

History·Characteristics·Etiquette·Effect & indications·Contraindications·Conclusion·FAQ·Sources

History and tradition: where does the laconium come from?

The ruins of an ancient laconium

The laconium, also spelled laconium, goes back to a special form of ancient warming room in the thermal baths of the Roman Empire. The term is derived from the Latin Lacedaemonius (=Spartan) and refers to the supposedly only form of warm bathing that was accepted in the Spartan culture.

In the Roman baths, a laconicum was a usually semi-circular, heated room with dry heat. Heating was provided by a hypocaust system in which hot air circulated under the floor and in the walls. In addition, a brazier was often used to heat the room further. Unlike the sudatorium, the humid steam room of the thermal baths, the laconium had a dry, milder room climate. There was often a shallow pool of water(labrum) in the middle of the room for refreshment.

The laconiums used in wellness facilities today are conceptually based on these historical models: they offer dry radiant heat at a comparatively low temperature and thus enable particularly gentle sweating.

Characteristics: What makes a laconium?

A laconium is a warm room with dry radiant heat and a moderate temperature of between 40 and 60 °C. In contrast to the classic Finnish sauna, the heat is not generated by hot air, but by heated wall, floor and seat surfaces that radiate heat evenly. The maximum humidity is 15-20%, which makes the room climate particularly mild and pleasant.

In the past, laconic rooms were heated using a coal basin placed in the middle of the room. Today, the heating is mainly electric, as the heat can be kept more constant and it is also more hygienic.

Etiquette: How should you behave in a laconium sauna?

A woman relaxes in the laconium

The general sauna rules also apply in the Laconium: Shower before entering, use textiles to lie underneath and maintain a calm demeanor. The laconium is often used as an intermediate stop on a spa circuit and guests usually stay longer, which is why consideration for others is essential.

Different customs apply depending on the facility and country: In Central European facilities, nudity is generally common, while in southern countries, textiles may be compulsory or separate areas may be specified. It is advisable to observe the house rules and the instructions of the spa staff.

Indications: How does a stay in a Laconium work?

A stay in the Laconium offers many of the positive effects of a classic sauna, but in a gentler way. Due to the moderate, dry radiant heat, the body slowly begins to sweat, which stimulates blood circulation in the skin, activates the metabolism and supports the elimination of toxins through the skin . At the same time, the heat has a stress-reducing effect and promotes muscular relaxation and regeneration after physical exertion.

Two scientific studies have confirmed the positive effects of regular sauna bathing on the cardiovascular system:

A study from the Faculty of Sport and Public Health at the University of Jyväskylä (Finland) shows that regular sauna bathing in combination with moderate exercise helps to stabilize blood pressure and has a positive effect on cholesterol levels.
Another study from the University of Eastern Finland in Kuopio (Laukkanen et al., 2018) shows that a single 30-minute sauna session is enough to lower blood pressure and improve vascular elasticity, which can be important factors in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Thanks to the mild temperatures, the Laconium is particularly suitable for people with poor circulation, beginners in the sauna area or as a gentle addition to a rehabilitation or wellness stay.

Contraindications: What are the side effects of a stay in a Laconium sauna?

Sweating in the Laconium is usually well tolerated by most people. The lower temperatures and lower humidity are perceived as more pleasant and less stressful for the body.

However,people with the following conditions should seek medical advice before using the laconium or refrain from visiting:

Acute infections and fever: heat applications can have an unfavorable effect on the course of an illness and put additional strain on the immune system.
Cardiovascular diseases and vascular problems: The circulatory system can also be challenged at lower temperatures, particularly in the case of advanced heart failure, unstable angina or peripheral circulatory disorders.
Open wounds and inflammatory skin diseases: If you have eczema, fresh injuries or other skin conditions, you should refrain from spending time in dry heat.

In individual cases, such as low blood pressure, pregnancy or chronic illnesses, an individualassessment by medical professionals is recommended.

Conclusion

The most important facts about the laconium at a glance

1. A laconium is a dry warming room with a moderate temperature (40-60 °C) and low humidity (max. 20 %).
2. The heat is emitted evenly over the walls, floor and lying surfaces - ideal for circulation-friendly, relaxed sweating.
3. In contrast to the classic sauna, significantly longer sessions of up to 30-60 minutes are possible.
4. It is particularly suitable for beginners, people with sensitive circulation and for regeneration after sport or during rehabilitation.

FAQ - Further questions about the Laconium sauna

What do you wear in the Laconium?

In most wellness facilities, the laconium is used naked with a towel under the body - similar to the sauna. In textile areas or southern countries, swimwear may be required. The respective house rules provide information.

Can essential oils or infusions also be used in the Laconium?

Usually not. The Laconium works without a classic sauna heater and infusion. Fragrances are dosed, if at all, via discreet room nebulization or aroma stones.

Is a laconium suitable for children or older people?

Yes, under supervision and if you are in good physical condition, a laconium is often more suitable than a classic sauna due to the mild heat. Nevertheless, the length of stay should be adjusted individually.